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Noah Parsons By the time of the High Medieval Period, Western Europe remained firmly within the grasp of the omnipotent Catholic Church. Its traditions and beliefs were deeply entrenched in every facet of society, from the highest level of the feudal system to the lowest. Two of these beliefs were miracles and mysticism. Nowhere would these two beliefs become more profound than during the discovery of the Holy Lance at Antioch in the First Crusade. The First Crusade was no

Fred Teasdale The July Crisis is often thought of as just a series of events, events that naturally followed the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28, 1914, leading to the outbreak of war on July 28, 1914. It is only when we look at the impact of World War One that we see how pivotal this period was in human history. Without World War One, there would have been no World War Two, no Cold War, no humanity perilously close to nuclear armageddon, and probably no 9

Miki Smigielski Ridley Scott’s epic film Gladiator hit cinemas in 2000, familiarising audiences with a dramatic portrayal of the ancient Roman gladiatorial games. This depiction brought the grand amphitheatre, the Colosseum, back to life using special effects, though certain elements, such as the inclusion of tigers in the arena, add a fantastical touch, raising questions about the historical accuracy of the portrayal. While the film dramatises some aspects, it largely dese

Jakob Reid When studying history, one fundamental question often goes unaddressed: for whom are we studying and investigating history? This question is crucial but frequently sidelined. Some argue that history is studied for personal intellectual enrichment, while others see it as a tool for advancing academic research. However, this inward-looking approach misses an essential point. History should not be pursued merely for the benefit of historians or academic circles. Inste